Vatican City is the smallest independent state in the world, both in area and population. It serves as the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church, housing the Pope and numerous religious and cultural treasures, including the famous St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel. Established as an independent state in 1929, Vatican City is a unique entity that combines religious authority with sovereign governance. Visitors flock to this city-state to admire its rich history, art, and architecture, making it a significant pilgrimage site for millions of Catholics worldwide.